Fig. 3. Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1; A), interleukin 6 (IL-6, B), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, C) and glutathione (D) in Wistar rats intratracheally instilled with either saline (control) or cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) with or without cisplatin (CP) administration. Data are mean ± SEM. KIM: saline (n=8), CeO₂ NPs (n=8), CP+saline (n=7) and CP+ CeO₂ NPs (n=6). IL-6: saline (n=8), CeO₂ NPs (n=8), CP+saline (n=7) and CP+ CeO₂ NPs (n=8). TNFα: saline (n=8), CeO₂ NPs (n=8), CP+saline (n=8) and CP+ CeO₂ NPs (n=8). GSH: saline (n=6), CeO₂ NPs (n=6), CP+saline (n=6) and CP+ CeO₂ NPs (n=6).